Ernest+Rutherford+Hall

//__Welcome to Ernest Rutherford's Hall of Fame! Created by Heather, Kelsey, and Tacarra__//
1. Who? (Biographical info-include picture of theorist) – Heather 8. Post a graphic (picture or diagram) to show the atomic model/theory (the theorist’s idea of the atom – Heather 3. Where did research take place? Be specific-country, city, and research center/University – Heather

Name: ** Ernest James Rutherford


 * Date of Birth: ** August 30, 1871


 * Date of Death: ** October 19, 1937


 * Place of Birth: ** Nielson, New Zealand


 * Family: ** James Rutherford (Father), Née Martha Thompson (Mother), six brothers, five sisters


 * Back story:**
 * Ernest’s grandfather and his whole family immigrated to New Zealand in 1842.
 * At the age of 16, Ernest entered collegiate school.
 * In 1889 Ernest was awarded a University scholarship.
 * Was accepted into the University of New Zealand, Wellington (Where he entered Canterbury college)
 * Graduated with an M.A. (Master of Arts degree) in 1893 in mathematics and physical science.
 * In 1894, Rutherford was awarded an 1851 Exhibition Science Scholarship
 * In 1897, Rutherford was awarded the B.A. Research Degree as well as the Coutts-Trotter Studentship of Trinity College
 * Returned to England in 1907
 * Strived to become a Lang worthy Professor of Physics in the University of Manchester.
 * More research in Cambridge, Massachusetts
 * Acted as an aspiring leader for the Cavendish Laboratory (department of Cambridge’s Universities of physics)
 * Studied “Emanation” of Thorium and also discovered a new noble gas now known as Thoron.
 * Went to McGill from Oxford to continue studies
 * Rutherford married Mary Newton in the early 1900’s
 * They only had one daughter, whose name was Eileen. She married physicist R.H. Fowler.
 * Rutherford died in Cambridge on October 19, 1937. His ashes were buried in Westminster Abbey, just west of Sir Isaac Newton's tomb and by that of Lord Kelvin.


 * Research:**


 * Countries studied in – Australia (New Zealand), New England (Europe)
 * Universities studied at – University of Manchester (New England), University of Wellington, New Zealand (New Zealand)
 * Cities that research took place – McGill, Montreal; Wellington, New Zealand; Manchester, New England; Cambridge, Massachusetts


 * Graphic/Diagram:**

“Gold Foil” Experiment


 * Sources:**

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__ Early 1900’s __ Ø New immigrants were coming into America. Ø 1 in 12 Americans had been born in a foreign country. Ø William Howard Taft was the president during Rutherford’s time of experiment. Ø Hennery ford revolutionized the world with his assembly line and work with automobiles. Ø Railway boom helped transportation and helped lower unemployment. Ø You were either very poor or very wealthy during this time. Ø The 1900’s were good economically but very poor when it came to living standards. []
 * 2. When did research take place? What else was happening in the world at this time? – kelsey **


 * 5. Describe experiment that led to conclusions for this theory. Describe/picture –** ** Kelsey **

Ernest Rutherford used small alpha particles to go through gold foil and he observed theses particles scattering. This experiment took many hours while he was a in dark room looking for tiny glimpses of light when the particles struck a scintillate screen. [] [] Main Points of Theory Ø Atoms have a nucleus in the center Ø The nucleus has a positive charge Ø Electrons spin around the outside of the nucleus Ø Electrons have a negative charge Ø The nucleus is the most dense part of the atom Ø The rest of the atom is mostly empty space
 * 6. What were main points of this theory? Create a numerical list of points** – **Kelsey**



[|http://www.fact-index.com/g/go/gold_foil_experiment.html]__ [] __ 4. What type of equipment was used to develop this theory? Describe/picture – Tacarra What type of equipment was used to develop this theory? Describe/pic –Rutherford used alpha particles (a type of naturally-occurring radiation consisting of positively charged helium atoms) were fired at a high velocity into a very thin sheet of gold foil.



7. What were errors of this theory? Create a numerical list – Tacarra Errors He didn’t know were exactly his electrons were
 * Ernest Rutherford gold foil method was incomplete